Cone jet nozzles
Nozzles, the jet of which is conical and sprayed with a round cross-section. Cone jets have less impact force than flat jets and are therefore better suited for rinsing and moistening.
Full cone jet nozzles
Cone jet nozzles in which the liquid is distributed relatively evenly over the cross section. Please note, however, that the full cone jet nozzle produces larger droplets than the hollow cone jet nozzle under similar operating conditions. (Some full cone nozzles can also be supplied as hollow cone nozzles by changing the internal construction).
Hollow cone jet nozzles
Cone jet nozzles in which few or no droplets are to be found in the center of the cross-section and most of the jet is concentrated at the outer edge.
Flat jet nozzles
Also known as fan jet nozzles, these nozzles create either a flat or elliptical water surface. They are best for washing operations where high pressure is desirable. The jet usually breaks up into individual droplets a few inches from the nozzle orifice.
Atomizing nozzles
Generate a highly atomized hollow cone jet. Their fine output fluctuates between a fog floating in the air and slightly larger droplets that are drawn to the ground by gravity. They are most commonly used for air humidification and very light humidification.
Jet nozzles
Produce a straight, uninterrupted jet, known as a 0 ° spray angle. Depending on the pipe system, the nozzle opening size and the water pressure, the jet can remain uninterrupted from a few inches to a meter. For atomization and light cutting applications.
Pipe size
Refers to the NPT screw connection on the nozzle or the fitting.
Spray angle
The spray angle is determined at the nozzle opening. It excludes the light haze that occurs at the edge of the jet, especially when using the nozzles with low flow velocities. Higher operating pressures usually tend to condense the jet. This leads to a narrower spray angle. Liquids with a lower surface tension than water produce wider spray angles than water.
Nozzle opening
The opening through which the liquid leaves the nozzle. It distributes the liquid and its contours create a wide variety of spray angles. It is usually round, but in the case of flat fan nozzles it can also be elliptical. For most nozzles, the opening has a highly polished surface. It should never come into contact with a metal object. A wooden toothpick is the best tool to clean a nozzle opening or to keep it closed.
Pressure
The force with which the liquid flows into the nozzle, in PSI (pounds per square foot: 1PSI = 0.6848 N / sq cm). In general, operating at higher pressures produces smaller droplets, tighter spray angles, and denser spray patterns. Conversely, lower pressure results in larger droplets, slightly wider angles, and a less dense distribution.
Minimum operating pressure
The lowest possible pressure at which the kinetic energy of the liquid is sufficient to create a fully developed jet. Flow data in the nozzle tables indicate this value for water. It can be higher or lower if liquids other than water are used, as it depends on the specific gravity and viscosity of the liquid.
NPT
National Pipe Thread (American pipe thread standard). This is a tapering thread that is self-tightening during installation. A thread sealant such as pipe dope or Teflon tape is needed to seal it properly.
Spray atomization
A spray nozzle splits a jet of liquid into many small droplets. The performance and results of the spraying process are very dependent on the size and distribution of the droplets. The droplet size varies between a few and thousands of micrometers and depends on the liquid being sprayed, the pressure and the nozzle design.
The nozzles do not produce droplets of the same size. There is usually a wide range of droplet sizes within a jet.
Larger droplets appear as the nozzle capacity increases. Coarse atomization is usually associated with tight angles or straight jets. For a given nozzle, the fineness of the atomization can be improved by increasing the pressure.
The two most important fluid parameters that affect atomization are viscosity and surface tension. Compared to viscosity, surface tension has a relatively small effect.
Spray Velocity
The speed of the jet leaving the nozzle opening depends on the liquid pressure. It is also determined by the properties of the design of the nozzle. In the case of nozzles with a fixed and a flat jet, the speed is greater than in the case of wide-angle nozzles under the same conditions
